Information Society, 2017, Issue 4-5
Keywords and Abstracts
Social Ñomplication: Trends and Prospects
OPOLEV Pavel Valeryevich
The transition from an industrial society to a postindustrial one is characterized by an explosive complication of social reality. The article draws attention to the fact that a post-industrial society generates a polymodal communicative space that transforms social structure, modifies and differentiates relations between key social subsystems, and fosters erosion of the social structures. In place of the metaphor of the social order comes the metaphor of balancing on the edge of chaos. Increasing social fragmentation allows us to consider modern society as a complex society that requires, in the author's opinion, explication of social complication trends.
Keywords: information, uncertainty, society, complexity, complexity, fragmentation, chaotization.
"Cloudworking" as a New Natural Stage in the Evolution of Social and Labor Relations Influenced by ICT
DEGTYAREV Alexey Valeryevich
The global exchange of knowledge and information forms a new interaction environment, new economic and social relations. These processes are not always reflected in the legal framework and require the government to respond to the processes caused by the massive introduction of ICT. New methods used by innovative companies around the world should be widely disseminated, which requires, in particular, studying of the digital divide phenomenon and finding the ways to overcome it.
The problem of "working in the cloud", innovative forms of employment based on information and communication technologies, is discussed in the article. The author asserts that creation of innovative, highly intelligent workplaces can significantly improve performance and will not lead to an increase of unemployment. In his opinion, the principles of "working in the cloud" should become the most important factor of labor productivity growth and staff motivation, the basis of effective innovative ways of labor markets integrated development in the regions of Russia.
Keywords: ICT, remote employment, "ñloudworking", "digital human being", "digital skills", social and labor relations.
Assessment of the Information Potential of Employment in Russia
NOVIKOVA Irina Viktorovna
The article describes an original approach to assessing the employment potential in the Russian Federation from the point of view of the employee’s IT competencies on the one hand and corresponding equipment of the workplaces on the other hand.
The author suggests a model for e-employment, analyzes the situation using extensive statistical material. It is concluded that in Russia e-competence of the employee correlates with the young age. Information devices and means of mobile communication are predominantly used for entertainment purposes, for communication in networks. Share of the use of such devices for commercial purposes is very small, but there is a tendency of its growth.
Keywords: potential of e-employment of the population, e-competence of the employee, e-competence of the workplaces, share of personal computers.
Will Cryptocurrency Be Able to Ensure Development of Digital Economy in Russia?
BAUER Vladimir Petrovich, VOROZHIKHIN Vladimir Valterovich, RAIKOV Alexander Nikolaevich, SMIRNOV Vladimir Vasilyevich
The dotcom boom, which caused the crisis of 2001, is compared with the boom of the cryptocurrencies that is currently in place. The interrelationships of crypto-currencies with the basic cryptocurrency bitcoin and the processes of investing innovations through ICO mechanism with the use of crypto-currency are considered. The main risks of traditional business and business, based on the use of blockchain, crypto-currencies and tokens, are compared. It is concluded that the crypto-currency has a unique business potential that allows ensuring development of the digital economy in Russia.
Keywords: dotcom economic bubble, blockchain, bitcoin, token, cryptocurrency, ICO, digital economy.
Digital Economy of China: New Stage of the National Economic Development
REVENKO Nikolay Sergeevich
Now China, for some indicators, is one of the world leaders in the digital economy. E commerce is experiencing the boom period. Several digital payment platforms are created.
“Internet Plus” strategy was adopted in 2015. Its goal is to promote further introduction of new information and communication technologies. Restrictions on the Internet use and the activity of foreign firms in China, as well as public support measures offer advantages to national companies. They also negatively influence on the work of small and medium businesses.
Keywords: digital economy, information and communication technologies, Internet plus, e-commerce, payment systems, blockchain.
The Problem of the Information Crisis: Stressful Aspects of the Information’s Impact on the Human Mind
ZHELNIN Anton Igorevich
The article considers the problem of the information crisis. The negative influence of the excessive volume of information on the person is explained by information overload, which generates a disturbance of homeostasis both at the mental and physiological level. Significant role in the emerging information stress is played by the malfunction of the excitation-inhibition balance, as well as mental disorientation and the atrophy of emotional reactions. Due to its systemic effect the information stress can not only cause such psychological phenomena as neuroticism and depression, but also lead to various somatic pathologies through a cascade of failures in regulatory systems of human organism. In the author’s opinion, the information crisis supposes not only the emergence of such discipline as information ecology, but also a general transition of civilization to widespread systems of forecasting and planning in infosphere.
Keywords: information, information crisis, information stress, homeostasis, central nervous system, psyche, desadaptation, emotions, information ecology, infosphere.
Information and Communicative Behavior of Users within Web Communities
BOCHAROVA Tatyana Alexandrovna
The need to study Internet-mediated communication is dictated by the fact that this type of virtual interaction is becoming in the modern world one of the leading types of communication. Ubiquitous penetration of information technologies leads to the fact that in modern society the relationships between people are becoming more and more virtual. The most significant is the expansion of virtuality in the social sphere. The article presents the author's classification of communicative roles of web community participants, the urgency of issues related to the study of socialization in cyberspace.
Keywords: online community, information and communicative behavior, network communication, information content, the communicative roles.
Contemporary Russian Students' Perception of the Information Overload in Social Media
CHUMAKOVA Varvara Pavlovna
The article is devoted to the problem of information overload in social media. Information overload is regarded as a complex cultural phenomenon that is perceived in a different way at different times and in different cultures. The research is based on the data of semi-structured in-depth interviews with Russian students. The purpose of the research is to study students’ ideas about information overload, including the conjugation of information overload and permanent online stay, procrastination in social media, blurring of boundaries between private and public, true and false in media, alienation from "Far", the culture of success in the information society and the value of knowledge.
Keywords: social media, information overload, Russian students, perception, culture of success, values.
The Internet as a Mean for Interaction of Russians with the State Authorities and Local Self-government
NEFEDOVA Alena Igorevna
In the past few years Russia is actively implementing the idea of e-government in order to increase accessibility of the public authorities to the population. However, the question, how this idea is working in practice, remains open. The author makes an attempt to assess whether the implemented initiative ensures effective interaction of Russian people with government entities at different levels.
Keywords: ICT, e-government, interaction between society and public authorities, Public Services Portal of the Russian Federation.
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Healthcare
GUSEV Aleksandr Vladimirovich, DOBRIDNYUK Sergey Leonidovich
The article discusses the prospects for using artificial intelligence technologies in medicine and healthcare. The history of artificial intelligence development is described. The technologies of machine learning and neural networks are analyzed. The review of already implemented artificial intelligence projects is provided. The forecast of the most promising directions of the artificial intelligence technologies development, according to the authors, for the near future is given.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, machine learning, neural networks, healthcare, medicine.
The Role of the Scientific Community in the Development of the Information Society in the Regions of Russia
SHAPOSHNIK Sergey Borisovich
The article presents the results of an empirical study of the role of the scientific community in the development of the Internet and the information society in the regions of Russia. A high level of correlation between the Internet penetration and the share of researchers in the population of the Russian regions is explained by the fact that the scientific community has emerged as a leader in organizing, developing and disseminating computer network technology in the regions of Russia.
Keywords: Information and communication technology, information society, scientific community, subjects of the Russian Federation, Yaroslavl Oblast, composite indicators, statistical methods, Pearson correlation coefficient.
User-generated Content as a Result of Media Sphere Transformation
MOLCHANOVA Olga Ilyinichna
In connection with the development of the information society and the media sphere transformation the behavior of the modern user becomes more active. The user turns from a passive consumer into a content provider. As a result, in mass media, such notion as a user-generated content (UGC) becomes relevant. It this research the problems associated with this unique phenomenon are discussed. Analysis of the non-standard use of UGC by modern Russian and foreign media gives an idea on the trends of further development of this phenomenon.
Keywords: user-generated content, media, media sphere transformation, media space.
Political Scandals Coverage Bias and the Problem of Trust in Television
EFANOV Alexander Alexandrovich
The aim of this article is to study strategies for covering political scandals on television and their impact on changing the degree of trust in television channels. The subject of consideration was a political scandal related to the Minister of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism of the Orenburg region Oleg Pivunov. As a basis for the study, information materials of regional television channels were taken. A comparison of the revealed strategies for covering the political scandals with the program policy of these channels broadcasting is made. The author makes the conclusion that the degree of audience’s confidence in television has changed.
Keywords: political scandal, program policy, media, television, trust in television.
Prospects for Creation of the State System of Mobile Video Monitoring
GEIDAROV Polad Shahmaly Oglu
The work is devoted to the problem of creating a unified mobile video monitoring system, which allows significant expanding of the state organizations capabilities to monitor events that are important for their activities. Prospects for the creation of such a system, including technical, organizational, financial and legislative prerequisites, as well as the advantages of a unified mobile video monitoring system in relation to various spheres of public administration are considered.
Keywords: video monitoring, state organizations, cameras, mobile devices, recognition systems.
Development and Implementation of Interactive Terminals for Electronics Stores
ABDULGALIMOV Gramudin Latifovich, MIKEROV Sergey Sergeevich
The article is devoted to the problem of designing, creating and implementing electronic terminals for the selection of goods in electronics stores. A concrete case of development of the interactive terminal for car acoustics Pioneer, implemented in "M.Video" supermarket, is described.
Keywords: electronic commerce (e-commerce), consulting and sale of goods, terminals for trading halls, business plan, design, programming.
